Brian McCullough's book How the Internet Happened (https://www.amazon.com/How-Internet-Happened-Netscape-iPhone...) angles this in terms of the centralized digital superhighway versus the open distributed internet. (Where thin clients, set top boxes, etc. are in the first group and web browsers and WWW protocol are the second.)

Essentially, by 2005 the open internet had won, but the iPhone (or more precisely: the App store) became the dream of a thin client and became the platform NCs had initially targeted — turning the internet into a walled garden with a vengeance.

Really enjoyed this read!

https://www.amazon.com/How-Internet-Happened-Netscape-iPhone...