As an addendum, I'd add that Sedra and Smith wrote an amazing textbook on semiconductors that I highly recommend anyone interested in the topic should read. Here's an Amazon link to the book: https://www.amazon.com/Microelectronic-Circuits-Electrical-C...

I started off on an ee route. We used this textbook in our first circuit class: http://www.amazon.com/Electric-Circuits-8th-James-Nilsson/dp... .

In later classes we used this book, which I see in the bookshelves of my coworkers: http://www.amazon.com/Microelectronic-Circuits-Electrical-Co...

If you want to learn more basic concepts, I'd recommend looking perhaps for a class in your area to audit, or possibly mit ocw might have something.

I will say the following though:

1) many folks in industry get to a point to where they rarely, if not never sit down on paper and do node-voltage analysis. They eventually get a conceptual "feel" for everything and work in simulation environments (matlab, spice, etc.). The best way to get here is to do the conceptual exercises on paper first, then play with a simulator afterwards.

2) designing basic analog circuits can be learned from textbooks, but doing more "active" things like building a switching power supply requires more specific books.