It gets recommended all the time in these kind of threads, but it's so good I don't care. Bill Karwin's SQL Antipatterns. You need a decent understanding of the basics to get the most from it, but there's some excellent information and examples of what to (and what not to) do.

https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/sql-antipatterns/978168...

SQL Antipatterns by Bill Karwin has an chapter that covers this problem in depth.

http://shop.oreilly.com/product/mobile/9781934356555.do