In fact the CIA uses all the above you mentioned ranging from priests, charities, NGOS, humanitarian outfits, journalists and the media as fronts and covers for their spying. It is documented multiple times over decades. The CIA even has it's own official NGO called the National Endowment for Democracy.

My favorite is the US AID CIA spy who goes into Afghanistan in the 1980s that is profiled in Charlie Wilson's war. Or the fake vaccination program they conducted with "humanitarian" NGOs and charities:

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-cia-fake-vacc...

My favorite CIA journalists are the ones who worked for CBS and other publications and were involved in promoting Modern Art around the world with NGOs like MoMA, the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations:

https://news.artnet.com/art-world/artcurious-cia-art-excerpt...

https://daily.jstor.org/was-modern-art-really-a-cia-psy-op/

https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20161004-was-modern-art-...

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/modern-art-was-cia-...

https://www.amazon.com/Cultural-Cold-War-World-Letters/dp/15...

https://www.amazon.com/ArtCurious-Unexpected-Slightly-Strang...

There is a humorous scene in Men In Black where they refer to Andy Warhol as a CIA spy.