>Does the military still hand out amphetamines and/or modafinil, or is caffeine really the alertness/wakefulness drug of choice?

WW2 German Army ran on amphetamines, according to this book: https://www.amazon.com/Blitzed-Norman-Ohler/dp/1328915344/re.... Interview with the author: https://cen.acs.org/articles/95/i12/Blitzed-author-explains-...