"When Children with Dyslexia Grow Up" or "When Gifted Children Grow Up" make perfect sense as article titles. In fact, a quick Google search yields a book for the second: http://www.amazon.com/Gifted-Lives-What-Happens-Children/dp/...

I think the title structure would work for any domain where most reporting/writing focuses on the condition in children, rather than their later development as adults.