http://www.amazon.ca/The-Design-Evolution-Bjarne-Stroustrup/...
and
http://www.amazon.ca/Modern-Design-Generic-Programming-Patte...
are my two favorite books. And then if you aren't happy with these books this stackoverflow link has more books than you could ever want:
http://stackoverflow.com/q/388242/25981
This link from Microsoft is also pretty darn good:
As for coding standards, I suggest a book by the same author plus the current chair of the standard committee: http://www.amazon.com/Coding-Standards-Rules-Guidelines-Prac.... Another commenter has suggested the Google C++ Coding Standards, but despite their popularity they do not conform very well to "Modern C++" as I understand it.
When some people say "Modern C++" they mean template meta-programming (traits, partial template specialisation, etc) as exemplified by Alexandrescu's book "Modern C++ design": http://www.amazon.com/Modern-Design-Generic-Programming-Patt... (note that I am not necessarily advocating such techniques, but understanding them will certainly help when you run across them in the wild).
[1] http://www.amazon.com/Modern-Design-Generic-Programming-Patt...
[2] http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n333...
http://www.amazon.com/Modern-Design-Generic-Programming-Patt...
Unfortunately - I changed jobs to work on some start ups and said bye to C++ for Python, JS, etc and never had a chance to really use the concepts