Heavy. There is a scientific book discussing these topics. Centered around our 'neanderthal within': "The 10,000 Year Explosion: How Civilization Accelerated Human Evolution", https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0465020429/

Of course. We should keep in mind that we are evolutionary creatures and that drastically changing our diet or environment probably has negative effects (sitting down too long, eating refined sugars, etc).

Do keep in mind that evolution hasn't stopped recently, either. There are plenty of civilization-era evolutionary adaptations in the human genome as well. [1]

[1]: https://www.amazon.com/000-Year-Explosion-Civilization-Accel...

– Economics / sociology –

A Farewell to Alms https://www.amazon.com/dp/0691141282/

Cartesian Economics https://www.amazon.com/dp/1616407395/

The 10,000 Year Explosion https://www.amazon.com/dp/0465020429/

The Righteous Mind https://www.amazon.com/dp/0307455777/

Mindstorms https://www.amazon.com/dp/0465046746/

– Philosophy –

Tao Te Ching https://www.amazon.com/dp/0060812451/

Meditations https://www.amazon.com/dp/1545565678/

– Autobiography –

Surely You're Joking, Mr Feynman https://www.amazon.com/dp/0393316041/

Recollections of Eugene Wigner https://www.amazon.com/dp/0738208868/

– Fiction –

Fahrenheit 451 https://www.amazon.com/dp/030747531X/

Dune https://www.amazon.com/dp/0441172717/