Tyler Cowen discusses precisely these issues in The Great Stagnation: http://www.amazon.com/Great-Stagnation-America-Low-Hanging-E..., which was published in 2010 or 2011 but is still excellent.

The world economy slowed in 1973. No one really knows why. Some books focus on the effects in the USA, some focus elsewhere. In the West this has been "The Great Stagnation" whereas in several countries in Asia this has been "The Great Bounce Back" as formerly wealthy civilizations, such as China, recovered some of the ground they lost in the 1800s.

Sad to say, I'm not aware of any books that tell the whole international story.

For the USA, there have been an abundance of books and articles showing the decline of the middle class:

http://billmoyers.com/2015/01/26/middle-class/

Tyler Cowen came up with the phrase Great Stagnation:

http://www.amazon.com/Great-Stagnation-America-Low-Hanging-E...

Some writers treat this as a political issue:

http://www.amazon.com/Boiling-Point-Republicans-Middle-Class...

Some writers focus on long-term factors that have little to do with politics. Robert Gordon got good reviews for his historical analysis of the specialness of the 2nd Industrial Revolution 1860-1940, and why the current era is not as robust:

http://www.amazon.com/The-Rise-Fall-American-Growth/dp/06911...