It is not that we do not teach this anywhere at all, but we certainly do not teach this in the introductory science classes, where the goal is to provide an accessible path to the already available "shrink wrapped" conceptual framework.
That is hard enough already. Showing the history of science properly is easily a hundred-fold more monumental of a task. It is a subject which is studied, and taught -- but for the specialists in the history and philosophy of science. There are many books dedicated both to cursory high level overviews of the history of science, and to some specific episodes in this history, going into nuances of what happened and how it happened.
Here is a much more specialized book, showing how much trouble relatively modern physicists had in correctly conceptualizing "heat" and "temperature": "The tragicomical history of thermodynamics, 1822–1854" https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=history+of+thermodynami...
Beware! The history of evolution of ideas in science and technology is a vast, vast and an extremely fascinating field, with many dangerous rabbit holes!
That is hard enough already. Showing the history of science properly is easily a hundred-fold more monumental of a task. It is a subject which is studied, and taught -- but for the specialists in the history and philosophy of science. There are many books dedicated both to cursory high level overviews of the history of science, and to some specific episodes in this history, going into nuances of what happened and how it happened.
For example, for the history of mathematics, one can consult "The History of Mathematics: An Introduction" https://www.amazon.com/History-Mathematics-Burton-Professor-...
Here is a much more specialized book, showing how much trouble relatively modern physicists had in correctly conceptualizing "heat" and "temperature": "The tragicomical history of thermodynamics, 1822–1854" https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=history+of+thermodynami...
Beware! The history of evolution of ideas in science and technology is a vast, vast and an extremely fascinating field, with many dangerous rabbit holes!